YES!
I used to bowl in a center that has a parking deck under part of it. Lanes 1-10 would react differently than 11-30 every day of the year.
A huge factor on synthetic lanes is humidity. Wood lanes are porous and will absorb some moisture. Synthetic lanes are plastic and the moisture just sits on the top them.
With that said, a good center will control some of the weather effect with its heat & AC. If the center will crank the AC early and run it all day, the rainy weather won't make the lanes as bad. But if they only crank it just before the leagues come in, then its too late.
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Good luck & good bowling
